論文名詞解釋

Bland–Altman plot：
A Bland-Altman plot (Difference plot) in analytical chemistry and biostatistics is a method of data plotting used in analyzing the agreement between two different assays. It is identical to a Tukey mean-difference plot, which is what it is still known as in other fields, but was popularised in medical statistics by J. Martin Bland and Douglas G. Altman.
Agreement vs correlation
Bland and Altman make the point that any two methods that are designed to measure the same parameter (or property) will have a good correlation when a set of samples are chosen such that the property to be determined varies a lot between them. A high correlation for any two methods designed to measure the same property is thus in itself just a sign that one has chosen a wide spread sample. A high correlation does not automatically imply that there is good agreement between the two methods.

Effect Size：
In statistics, an effect size is a measure of the strength of the relationship between two variables in a statistical population, or a sample-based estimate of that quantity. An effect size calculated from data is a descriptive statistic that conveys the estimated magnitude of a relationship without making any statement about whether the apparent relationship in the data reflects a true relationship in the population. In that way, effect sizes complement inferential statistics such as p-values. Among other uses, effect size measures play an important role in meta-analysis studies that summarize findings from a specific area of research, and in statistical power analyses.